Diaphragm

What is it? How does it work?

A diaphragm is a soft rubber cup, which is inserted into the vagina and fits over the cervix. It keeps the sperm and egg apart by forming a barrier between the sperm and the cervix. The spermicides added to the diaphragm also kills sperm.

How effective is it?

• 90% effective for pregnancy prevention if used properly every time
• 98% effective for pregnancy prevention if used with a condom
• Offers little or no protection against HIV and other STIs

How do you use it?

• Put spermicidal gel or cream inside the diaphragm cup
• Insert into vagina to cover the cervix before intercourse (a woman cannot feel it when it is in place)
• Must be left in place for eight hours after intercourse
• With an applicator, insert more spermicide into the vagina if intercourse is repeated before eight hours has passed. Diaphragm should be removed eight hours after last intercourse.
• Can be washed and re-used unless it has a hole in it, or if a woman gains or loses a large amount of weight.

Pros

• The diaphragm is hormone-free. There are no serious health risks.
• May be inserted several hours before intercourse
• One time cost – once you have it you can use it for several years.

Cons

• Using a diaphragm is inconvenient. You must carry it with you and leave it in for 8 hours after intercourse.
• It is messy – you have to remove it and wash and dry it.
• Side effects include a possible allergic reaction to spermicide or latex. If burning or irritation occurs, consult a healthcare provider before continuing use.

Where can you get it?

A diaphragm must be obtained at a doctor’s office or clinic. It must be sized by a clinician in a doctor’s office or clinic. It can be purchased at the clinic or by prescription at a pharmacy.

When should you use it?

A diaphragm does not protect against HIV and other STIs. A condom should be used along with the diaphragm every time you have sex. Using condoms can prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infections and it shows that you care about yourself and your partner.

What does it cost?

$35-$45 each

Note

The Today Sponge is an over-the-counter birth control method that is similar to the diaphragm. The sponge does not need to be fit to a particular woman and is to be disposed of after one use. It must be inserted into the vagina prior to intercourse and left in place for six hours afterwards. The sponge contains the spermicide nonoxynol-9, which may be irritating to some women, and is only 89% effective when used alone. Because it is not effective in preventing HIV and other STIs, a condom should be used along with the sponge every time you have sex. Using condoms can prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infections and it shows that you care about yourself and your partner.

Cost: $20 for 3 sponges.

> next: Emergency Contraceptive Pills (ECP, “Morning After pill”)