Intra-Uterine Device (IUD)

What is it? How does it work?

The intra-uterine device (IUD) is a small, flexible device made of soft plastic. There are two types of IUDs available: the Mirena, which contains the hormone progesterone and the Copper T which is made of plastic and copper. IUDs prevent pregnancy by thickening cervical mucus to block the sperm from reaching an egg and affecting the ability of the sperm to move towards the egg. The hormone in Mirena also keeps the ovaries from releasing eggs. IUDs can also prevent implantation.

How effective is it?

• 99% effective for preventing pregnancy if properly in place
• An IUD does not protect against HIV or other STIs

How do you use it?

The IUD is inserted into the uterus by a health care provider. It can remain in place and be effective for 5-12 years, depending upon the type. It can be removed by a health care provider at any time.

Pros

• The IUD is highly effective
• Long term, worry-free contraception
• Minimal side effects
• Quickly reversible – a woman can become pregnant soon after removal

Cons

• Possible incorrect insertion of the IUD
• Pain with insertion and removal
• Heavier and more painful periods with the Copper T
• Possible hormone related side-effects with Mirena (headaches, weight gain)
• The IUD could slip out of place, although this is rare

Where can you get it?

It can be obtained at a doctor’s office or clinic and must be inserted by a clinician.

When should you use it?

The IUD is a good method for women who want long term, reversible contraception. The IUD does not protect against HIV and other STIs. A condom should be used along with an IUD every time you have sex. Using condoms can prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infections and it shows that you care about yourself and your partner.

What does it cost?

$200 for 5-10 years; some clinics can get it for free based on client’s income.

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